For those of you familiar with model united nations conferences, this simulation will operate similar to model united nations committees. It was attended by representatives of great britain, austriahungary, france, germany, russia, u. Berlin conference 188485 was held by the european nations to scramble africa among themselves with the aid of diplomacy or by weapons. Berlin conference of 1884 1885 the berlin conference was a meeting of 14 nations to discuss territorial disputes in africa. In the 1800s, european countries were rushing into africa to plant their flags into the land and. Looking for online definition of berlin conference, 188485 in the medical dictionary. During the 1870s and early 1880s european nations such as great britain, france, and germany began looking to africa for natural resources for their growing industrial sectors as well as a potential market for the goods these. Berlin conference of 1884 1885 meeting at which the major european powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in africa. By the end of the conference ninety percent of africa was colonized by europeans.
The meeting was held in berlin, germany, from november 1884 to february 1885 and included representatives from the united states and such european nations as britain, france, and germany. The berlin conference was a series of meetings held in 1884 and 1885 with the goal of dividing the continent of africa between the european powers. Berlin conference berlin conference text general act. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Berlin conference of 18841885 to divide africa from matt rosenberg, the colonization of the continent by european powers the berlin conference was africas undoing in more ways than one. General act of the berlin conference on west africa, 26 february 1885. It partitioneddivided africa among european nations. This work marks the centenary of the berlin conference of 18845 when bismarck attempted to manipulate the politics of europe by preempting the commercial future of africa. Called for by portugal, the conference was organised by germany first chancellor, otto van bismarck during germanys rapid rise as a power and signified a time of increased european colonialism which decimated most of africas selfgovernance. The broad purpose of the conference was to create a free trade region in the congo basin and neighboring areas, in the belief that such a. The conference had positive as well as negative effects.
The united states participated in the berlin conference, fully aware that the purpose of the conference was to agree on the doctrine of free trade and navigation in rivers congo and niger and to define methods of annexing territories that had not yet been subjected to the flag of any civilized state. Ppt the berlin conference 1884 powerpoint presentation. When all the ratifications shall have been sent in, there will be drawn up a deposit act, in the shape of a protocol, to be signed by the representatives of all the powers which have taken part in the conference of berlin, and of which a certified copy will be sent to each of those powers. The berlin conference of 1884 1885 set the ground rules for the colonization of africa by european powers. The countries represented at the time included austriahungary, belgium, denmark, france, germany, great britain, italy, the netherlands, portugal, russia, spain, swedennorway unified from 1814 to 1905, turkey, and the united states of america. The berlin conference can be best understood as the formalisation of the scramble for africa. Oxford university press, for the german historical institute, 1988. This british coined the term sometime in 1884, and it has since been used to describe the twentyplus years when the various european powers explored, divided, conquered and began to exploit virtually the entire african continent. At the event you will have a chance to take part in a historical simulation of the berlin conference which will deal with responding to the scramble for africa in 1884 85.
Leopold proposed establishing an international benevolent committee for the propagation of civilization among the peoples of central africa the congo region. By the time of the berlin conference in 1884, european activity in africa was limited to around 20% of the continent. Ch 1 worksheet 1the berlin conference 1884 the berlin conference because of its size, surface features, climate, resources, and strategic importance, africa became a prime candidate for conquest by ambitious european empires. Edited by stig forster, wolfgang mommsen and ronald robinson. Before the conference only ten percent of africa was colonized by europeans. Berlin conference of 18841885 the berlin conference was a meeting of 14 nations to discuss territorial disputes in africa. The berlin conference south african history online. Choose from 226 different sets of 1888 berlin conference flashcards on quizlet.
The berlin conference of 1884 1885 marked the climax of the european competition for territory in africa, a process commonly known as the scramble for africa. This thesis is brought to you for free and open access. The berlin conference of 188485 the general act of the. The event helped to ease tensions that were growing as a result of the competition for. What impact did the berlin conference have on africa. What were the outcomes of the berlin conference in 1884. By 1914, africa had been completely divided into 50 countries among the conference participants.
Berlin conference of 1884 flashcards and study sets quizlet. On november 15, 1884 the berlin conference took place. Berlin conference of 1884 1885 to divide africa the colonization of the continent by european powers by matt t. Almost 90% of the african continent came under the control of europeans. Berlin conference 1 an international congress held in berlin in 1995 that raised concerns about increases in greenhouse gases and proposed limits on co2 emissions which the us and australia vehemently opposed.
Congo kinshasa as a country, with king leopold ii of. Only one state, the shortlived horror that was the congo free state. Genocide studies program congo free state, 18851908 in 1876, elgiums king leopold ii 18351909 convened a geographical conference in brussels. As countries scrambled to establish colonies on the continent, the heads of state wanted to head off any potential conflicts between them over territory. The berlin conference of 188485 produced the general act of the berlin conference which began the scramble for africa. Berlin conference of 18841885 africa federation of free. The agreements on trade were based around the rivers, so there was free trade along the niger and the congo river. Congo free state was given to the belgian king leopold ii, who regarded the country as his private property. Kongokonferenz or west africa conference westafrikakonferenz, regulated european colonisation and trade in africa during the new imperialism period, and coincided with.
Learn berlin conference of 1884 with free interactive flashcards. Berlin conference of 18841885 to divide africa the colonization of the continent by european powers by matt t. The colonial powers superimposed their domains on the african continent. The berlin africa conference, 18841885, and the onset of partition. General act of the berlin conference on west africa, 26. What considerations were made by the europeans to the native africans.
Fourteen countries were represented by a plethora of ambassadors when the conference opened in berlin on november 15, 1884. The conference met at berlin from november 1884 through februart 1885 and resulted in the following agreementthe berlin act of 1885. Its outcome, the general act of the berlin conference, formalized the scramble for africa. The conference also recognized the congo free statenow. It is expressly recognized that in extending the principle of free trade to this eastern zone the. Berlin conference definition of berlin conference by.
Choose from 189 different sets of berlin conference of 1884 flashcards on quizlet. At the event you will have a chance to take part in a historical simulation of the berlin conference which will deal with responding to the scramble for africa in 188485. During the conference the leaders also agreed to allow free trade among the colonies and established a framework for negotiating future european claims in africa. The berlin conference 1884 meeting of european powers to carve out spheres of influence in africa the berlin conference 1884 why the desire to have. A summary and significance of the berlin conference of 188485.
The scramble for africa and the berlin conference what was the scramble for africa. The conference will begin november 15, 1884, for the purpose. The conference of berlin, as illustrated in illustrierte zeitung, 1884. The diplomats in berlin laid the rules of competition by which the great powers were to be guided in seeking colonies. List 3 reasons why europeans wanted to take over africa. The meeting was held in berlin, germany, from november 1884 to february 1885 and included representatives from the united states and such. The berlin conference of 188485, also known as the congo conference german. Berlin west africa conference european history britannica.
At berlin, it seems in hindsight, the european powers with the united states contracted to internationalize africa for free trade, while dividing it into colonial monopolies. The berlin conference of 18841885 africas great civilizations. It has been accepted for inclusion in dissertations and theses by an authorized administrator of pdxscholar. No international law governed the delegates or proceedings of the berlin conference. The scramble for africa and the berlin conference youtube. Although africa is physically remote from the power centers of europe, north america, and asia, it is surrounded. Learn 1888 berlin conference with free interactive flashcards. Get an answer for how did the berlin conference of 1884 shape the subsequent colonization of africa. Berlin conference, in august 1885, become known as the congo free state. Berlin west africa conference, a series of negotiations nov. The berlin conference of 18841885 marked the climax of the european competition for territory in africa, a process commonly known as the scramble for africa. How did the berlin conference of 1884 shape the subsequent. The conference, proposed by portugal in pursuance of its special claim to control. In 1884 the leaders of fourteen european countries and the united states came together to discuss control of africas resources.
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